Certified Ambulatory Perianesthesia Nurse (CAPA) Practice Exam

In assessing a patient for signs of cocaine withdrawal, which symptoms should the perianesthesia nurse monitor for?

1. Depression and lethargy

2. Wheezing and hypotension

3. Hyperexcitability and decreased appetite

4. Tremors and weakness

The correct answer is: Depression and lethargy

Monitoring for symptoms of cocaine withdrawal primarily involves recognizing the psychological and physiological changes that can occur when an individual abruptly stops using the drug. Cocaine acts as a powerful stimulant, and upon cessation, patients often experience a range of withdrawal symptoms. Depression and lethargy are hallmark signs of cocaine withdrawal. As the stimulant effects wear off, individuals may feel a profound lack of energy and a noticeable drop in mood. This is a result of the brain adjusting to the absence of cocaine, which heavily influences dopamine pathways related to pleasure and reward. The withdrawal can cause an overwhelming sense of fatigue and sadness, leading to a decreased interest in activities that were once pleasurable. While some of the other listed symptoms can be associated with various withdrawal syndromes or other medical conditions, they do not specifically indicate cocaine withdrawal. For instance, hyperexcitability and decreased appetite can occur in other contexts, but they aren't the most defining features of cocaine withdrawal. Monitoring for tremors and weakness might suggest other issues, such as withdrawal from substances like alcohol or benzodiazepines, rather than cocaine. Understanding these nuances helps in providing tailored care to patients who are navigating the complexities of substance withdrawal.